How Does Hot Weather Affect Your Body? Signs You Should Not Ignore

Hot weather can feel uncomfortable, but extreme heat is more than a nuisance. It can place significant stress on the human body and, in severe cases, lead to heat-related illness. The World Health Organization says heat stress is an important environmental and occupational health hazard and can worsen underlying conditions including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, asthma […]

Hot weather can feel uncomfortable, but extreme heat is more than a nuisance.

It can place significant stress on the human body and, in severe cases, lead to heat-related illness.

The World Health Organization says heat stress is an important environmental and occupational health hazard and can worsen underlying conditions including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, asthma and some mental health conditions. Heatstroke is a medical emergency.

When temperatures rise, the body works harder to regulate its internal temperature.

Sweating is one of the main ways the body loses heat.

But if someone becomes severely dehydrated or remains in extreme heat for too long, the body’s ability to regulate temperature can become overwhelmed.

Some people are more vulnerable than others.

WHO identifies older adults, infants and young children, pregnant women, people with chronic conditions, outdoor workers and people exercising in the heat among groups that can face greater risks.

Hot weather can also affect people who spend long periods working outdoors.

For people in Zambia and other warm climates, this is particularly relevant for construction workers, farmers, street vendors, athletes and others whose daily activities require significant time outside.
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Simple precautions can help.

WHO recommends staying out of intense heat where possible, reducing strenuous activity during the hottest part of the day, staying hydrated and using light, loose-fitting clothing.

People should also pay attention to symptoms.

Heat exhaustion can involve heavy sweating, weakness, dizziness, headache, nausea and other symptoms.

Heatstroke is much more serious. Confusion, delirium, seizures, loss of consciousness or very hot skin are emergency warning signs requiring immediate medical attention.

Children and vulnerable adults should never be left unattended in parked vehicles during hot weather.

The best approach to extreme heat is prevention.

Drink fluids regularly, seek shade or cooler environments, avoid unnecessary strenuous activity during the hottest period and check on people who may be particularly vulnerable.

A hot day can become dangerous when the body can no longer keep itself cool.

Knowing the warning signs can therefore make the difference between simply feeling uncomfortable and facing a medical emergency.

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